Recognizing symptoms
According to some experts, symptoms of zika virus infection have many similarities with the symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever. The sign that helps you distinguish these two diseases is that the fever caused by the Zika virus is usually not too high, a maximum of 38oC. In most cases, people infected with Zika virus recover and their symptoms improve within 7-12 days. However, in some more severe cases, people need to be treated in a hospital because of neurological disorders and autoimmune disease in people infected with Zika virus.
Some patients infected with Zika virus have no clinical symptoms But medical experts recommend that you pay attention to the most common signs of this disease such as low-grade fever from 37,8 to 38,5 degrees Celsius, fatigue, rash, pain in small joints in the hands. foot. Conjunctivitis, myalgia, headache, fovea, and weakness. A small number of patients may experience nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucosal ulceration, or itching.
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Consequences of Zika virus infection
Zika virus disease It is mainly transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, which are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Women can transmit the Zika virus to their unborn baby or during childbirth. Although usually mild and uncommon, the Zika virus causes serious complications that threaten public health. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Zika virus is commonly known as the virus that causes microcephaly in babies if pregnant women become infected. This is a birth defect in a baby whose head size is smaller than many children of the same sex and age.
This disease causes delays in nerve development, speech, movement and growth. In addition, the Zika virus causes many other birth defects in babies, such as eye problems, hearing loss, and developmental delays. In addition, the Zika virus can cause Guillain-Barré syndrome, nerve damage that can cause paralysis. This is a condition in which the body’s immune system attacks part of the nervous system, causing muscle weakness and nerve paralysis. That is why WHO considers Zika a public concern not because of its speed of spread but because of its dangerous complications.
![Top 7 things to know and how to prevent Zika virus 3 This disease causes delays in nerve development, speech, movement and growth](https://toplist.one/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/top-7-things-to-know-and-how-to-prevent-zika-virus-3.jpg)
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Do babies need to be tested for Zika virus?
For pregnant women, the time when the virus is most at risk is during the first 3 months of pregnancy, when many people do not even realize they are pregnant. However, it is still unclear how the virus enters the placenta and causes brain damage in the fetus. As for Newborns need to be tested for Zika virus if the mother has ever visited or lived in any country in the epidemic area. The reason is that when infected with the virus, children can have vision and hearing loss and many other abnormalities even though they do not have microcephaly. These defects need to be tested and evaluated more carefully.
This recommendation currently applies to infants born to mothers with symptoms of viral infection – rash, joint pain, red eyes or fever – while living in endemic countries or within 2 weeks of when visiting these areas. There is currently no specific treatment or vaccine for the ZIKA virus. Therefore, health experts recommend that pregnant women avoid going to epidemic areas, and women who suspect they may be pregnant need to see a doctor before going to these areas. People who travel or work in epidemic areas need to minimize the risk of mosquito bites by staying in rooms with mosquito nets or air-conditioners, or sleeping under mosquito nets, applying insect repellent at all times. , and wear long pants, long-sleeved shirt, hat, and closed shoes.
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Preventive measures
The first and most important measure is still to minimize travel to areas with Zika outbreaks. People living in epidemic areas or going to/from/from epidemic areas need to actively monitor their health, if they have symptoms of the disease, please go to medical facilities for examination and advice. Condoms when having sex or not having sex for at least 28 days to prevent sexually transmitted diseases. The Zika virus is transmitted mainly by mosquito bites, so the best way to prevent and fight the disease is to avoid mosquito bites. Taking measures to prevent mosquito bites is also a way to protect yourself against Zika.
Measures to prevent mosquito bites like wearing long, tight, and light-colored clothes because mosquitoes are often attracted to dark colors. Avoid using perfumed cosmetics, using mosquito repellant creams, and using mosquito nets when going to bed. Isolate children from damp places, kill mosquitoes, spray insecticides according to instructions, use mosquito nets to catch mosquitoes… Eliminate swarms by covering water containers, release fish to kill swarms, clean up objects, turn over non-water items, change vase water, remove water-stagnation items such as puddles, cans, tires…
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Path of spread
Zika virus is a virus that was first discovered in a monkey in Uganda in 1947. The name of the virus is named after the Zika forest – where it was first discovered. The mechanism of disease in humans, Zika virus is mainly spread by mosquito bites. Mosquitoes transmit disease by sucking the virus from an infected person and transferring it to a normal person. Mosquitoes that cause Zika: Zika virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito of the Aedes family, mainly Aedes aegypti (zebra mosquito). This is also the type of mosquito that transmits Dengue, Chikungunya and yellow fever. When a mosquito sucks the blood of a person or animal infected with Zika virus, the virus will multiply in the mosquito’s body and incubate after 10 days. It can then transmit the virus to humans or other animals through the stings. An individual mosquito infected with Zika virus can also transmit the virus to the next generation of mosquitoes.
Mother-to-child transmission: Pregnant women can transmit the Zika virus to their unborn baby. There are no reports of Zika virus transmission from mother to baby through breast milk, so the World Health Organization still recommends that women should exclusively breastfeed their babies for the first 6 months. Sexual transmission: Zika virus has been detected in semen. Some studies have also shown that the Zika virus can be passed from person to person during unprotected sex. An infected person can transmit the virus before, during, and after showing symptoms. Blood transfusion: Zika virus was detected in the blood of infected patients. Theoretically, the Zika virus can be spread through blood transfusions, but so far there have been no reports of such cases.
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How to cure?
The current There is no specific treatment for the disease caused by the Zika virus. When the symptoms appear, they are not too severe, so the patient just needs to rest, replenish the body and some other supportive care. Patients should be especially careful when taking aspirin or corticosteroids when dengue fever cannot be ruled out. Pay attention to monitor symptoms such as weakness, muscle paralysis after illness to detect and treat Guillain-Barré syndrome early, if any.
If you have any of these signs or symptoms, consult your doctor because every person is different. So consult your doctor to choose the most suitable option. Some ways you can help you relieve the symptoms of the disease at home include getting enough rest, drinking plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration, taking pain relievers like paracetamol or ibuprofen to reduce pain and fever. Do not take any aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs without your doctor’s prescription.
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What are the dangers of pregnant women infected with Zika virus?
Most people infected with Zika have no symptoms or only mild symptoms such as a mild fever between 37.8 and 38.5 degrees Celsius, headache, rash, itching, and fatigue. Some people may experience conjunctivitis and pain in the joints (usually small joints in the limbs). Symptoms of Zika in pregnant women were not different from those of other subjects. The disease has no specific treatment, the patient just needs to rest, drink plenty of water, take fever-reducing medicine, and Paracetamol pain reliever if needed. Symptoms usually go away in about 2-7 days.
Zika virus can be passed from mother to fetus, the highest transmission rate is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Although it does not affect the mother’s health much, but the Zika virus can cause birth defects that seriously affect the health of the fetus. Among them, microcephaly in infants is the most worrisome anomaly. Microcephaly in newborns occurs in 1-10% of babies born to pregnant women with Zika in the first trimester of pregnancy. There is currently no specific treatment for microcephaly in infants. Children with the disease should be closely monitored during the first years of life. Cranial imaging will be performed regularly to assess brain development. Surgical methods can be performed if the brain is still developing, in addition, the child needs rehabilitation physiotherapy to improve the quality of life.
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