Top 6 Women receiving the Nobel Prize 2009-2015

Svetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich Born on May 31, 5 in Ivano Frankivsk, Ukraine. Father is from the Republic of Belarus and mother is Ukrainian. Alexievich grew up in Belarus, her parents were both teachers there. She studied journalism at Minsk University and worked as a teacher, journalist and editor. In Minsk she worked at the newspaper Sel’skaja Gazeta, her criticisms of the political regime in the Soviet Union and then in Belarus frequently led her to live abroad, for example in Italy. , France, Germany and Sweden.

Svetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich describes life during and after in the Soviet Union through personal experiences. In her books, she uses interviews as puzzle pieces that make a big splash. With “documentary fiction”, Svetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich, as a journalist, has straddled the line between reporting and fiction. Her main work is the large collection of poems “Voices of Utopia” in five parts. Books by Svetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich criticize political regimes in both the Soviet Union and Belarus. Svetlana Alexievich received the Nobel Prize in Literature for her tonal works as a memorial to the suffering and courage of our time.

Elizabeth H. Blackburn was born in 1948 in Tasmania, Australia. She is an Australian-American biologist at the University of California at San Francisco. In 2009, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of how chromosomes are protected by Telomeres and Enzymes. An organism’s genes are stored in DNA molecules, which are found in chromosomes inside the cell’s nucleus. When a cell divides, the chromosomes must be fully copied and therefore not damaged. At each end of a chromosome is a cone-like region, or telomere, that protects the chromosome.

Year 1980, Elizabeth blackburn discovered that telomeres have special DNA. In 1982, together with Jack Szostak, she went on to demonstrate that this DNA prevents chromosomes from breaking. In 1984, Blackburn and Carol Greider discovered the enzyme Telomerase – Enzyme that helps synthesize Telomeres’ DNA.

In addition to the prestigious Nobel Prize, in her scientific research career, Ms Elizabeth H. Blackburn also reaped many other achievements with awards: Molecular Biology Prize of the US National Academy of Sciences (1990), Albert Lasker Prize for Basic Medical Research (1998), L’Oréal Prize -UNESCO for Women in Science (2008),…

Elinor Ostrom Born in 1933 in Los Angeles, CA, USA. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Economics for her analysis of economic governance, especially general resources. She challenged conventional wisdom by demonstrating how a group of property owners can successfully manage that wealth without any central or private government regulation.

As a political scientist, his research methods Elinor Ostrom different from what most economists usually do. Usually they start with a hypothesis, make assumptions about reality, then put to the test. Elinor Ostrom begins with a real fact. She collects information through field studies and then analyzes these data. In her book “Common Resource Management” from 1990, she showed how common property can be successfully managed by user associations and thus economic analysis can shed light on most of the issues. all forms of social organization.

Her research has had a huge impact on economic and political scientists and opened up new avenues for economics. Economists now need to be more concerned with the particular institutions and circuTaxances that make that market inefficient than with prices, markets, models, and mathematical tools.

Malala Yousafzai He is the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. She was born on July 12, 7 in the Swat district of northwest Pakistan, where the Taliban banned girls from going to school. Inspired by her father – an active principal in education, Malala had understanding and empathy for the harsh life of women under the Taliban regime. Children and young people make up the majority of the world’s population, especially in poor countries.

To achieve a peaceful world, it is important that the rights of children and young people be respected. Injustices perpetrated against children have been contributing to the spread of conflicts. At the age of eleven, Malala Yousafzai fought for girls’ right to an education. After blogging for the BBC since 2009 about her experience with the growing influence of the Taliban in the region. In 2012, the Taliban tried to assassinate Malala Yousafzai on a bus on the way home from school. She survived and later experienced some activity in the United Kingdom, where she lives today. In addition to her studies, she continued her work and became an advocate for girls’ rights.

Youyou Tu (Chinese name is Tu UU) received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contribution to finding a new therapy for malaria. She was born on December 30, 12 and raised in Ningbo, Zhejiang, China. Since 1930, she has worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine – where she is now an academician – and became the representative of the first generation of Oriental Medicine of the People’s Republic of China. since 1965.

There are countless dangerous infectious diseases caused by parasites spread by insects, including malaria caused by the protozoan parasite Plasmodium. Malaria is a disease that caused the death of many people in the southern provinces of China as well as in the north of our country in the 60-70s. Traditional Chinese medicine has used sweet wormwood to treat fever. In the 70s, after researching traditional herbal medicines, Youyou Tu researched Artemisinin extract, which inhibits malaria parasites. Medicines containing artemisinin have saved the lives and improved the health of millions of people.

During the preparation of the drug, Ms. Youyou Tu was also the one who volunteered to test the anti-malarial drug right on her body. After many successful trials, the drug recipe was officially realized in 1977. It was not until May 10, 5 in Sweden, that she officially received the Nobel Prize for the first time in her career. His medicine.

May-Britt Moser received the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of brain cells involved in the navigation system. May-Britt Moser was born in 1963 in Fosnavåg, Norway. After studying psychology at the University of Oslo she received her doctorate in neurophysiology in 1995. This is also where she met Edvard Moser, later her husband and co-recipient. After stays at the University of Edinburgh and University College London, the couple moved to the Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department at Trondheim. May-Britt Moser is a professor of neuroscience and director of the Center for Neuro-Accounting.

Locating and navigating are important activities for humans and animals. In 2005, May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser discovered a cell type that is important for localization, located near the hippocampus, an area located in the center of the brain. They found that when a mouse passed through a number of points arranged in a hexagonal grid, neurons that formed the coordination system for navigation were activated. They then went on to work to unravel how different cells cooperate with each other.