Outline the explanatory essay about fountain pens (Lesson 2)
1. Opening lesson: Outline the role of ballpoint pens in today’s society (The fountain pen is a very necessary learning tool for students. In this day and age, when ballpoint pens are dominant, fountain pens are still used by many people. used with advantages that ballpoint pens do not have.)
2. Body of the article:
a. Structure:
+ In the past, pens (pencils) only had a nib that plugged into the pen handle (this handle could not hold ink or conduct ink). Writers must always carry a bottle of ink with them, wherever they write, dip the ink into it.
+ Nowadays, pens have a more complex structure with more internal capacity, writers only need to fill up with ink to be able to use it all day without having to carry an inconvenient ink bottle called fountain pen.
The fountain pen is composed of two parts:
– Writing case: Made of plastic (sometimes iron …). Below is the body of the writing board that covers the outside to preserve the writing intestine. The lid is on the top of the body. (These two parts are sometimes synchronized with the same color or have a contrasting color, the lid often has a prominent bright color).
– Writing core: The head to write (create strokes) consists of a metal nib. There is a reed that supports the nib and regulates the ink just enough when the nib creates letters.
– The lower part consists of a tiny ink tube inside with one end plugged into the reed. A flexible plastic tube containing ink connects to the middle part that covers the nib and the reed in the upper part.
-> In general, the structure of the pen is very simple but also very sophisticated over the years.
b. Types of pens: Hong Ha pen, Hero pen, Chinese 307 pen, Kim Tinh pen…
c. Effect, how to preserve:
– Fill the plastic tube with ink by squeezing and then banning the tip of the pen from the ink bottle to let go slowly, the ink is sucked into the intestine a lot, which can be used throughout the lesson very conveniently. No ink spills on clothes, hands and feet, very clean notebooks.
– The nib is an important part, so when buying a pen, users need to choose the nib carefully. Gently press the tip of the nib into the paper to make a letter to check the smoothness of the nib.
– Need to keep the nib from peeling off (thorns) will not be able to write. Avoid putting your hand on the table hard, the nib will hit a hard object, the writing head will be shocked and difficult to write. When you finish writing, you have to put the pen cap back on and then put it down on the table.
– The filter ink has no residue so as not to clog the ink tube. When using for a long time, we need to wash the pen with hot water, dry the ink pump for further use.
– Do not twist the pen cap too tightly, the cap will break. Put the pen in the box to prevent it from falling to the ground, which can easily damage the nib, break, and damage
3. Conclusion: Pens are very practical for everyone, especially for students. Appreciate and take better care of the pen.
Outline the explanatory essay about fountain pens (Lesson 1)
1. Opening lesson:
From ancient times until now, to write, to draw, we have to use a pen.
– There are many types of pens: markers, markers, ballpoint pens, fountain pens…
Each type of pen has a different structure and use.
The fountain pen is a type of pen that is used and loved by many people.
2. Body of the article:
a) Origin and history of the pen
Pens have been around for a very long time.
In the Egyptian civilization, the chroniclers used reeds, chewed their heads, and then dipped them in pigments to write.
– In the XNUMXth century, people used swan feathers to write by sharpening the tip of the feather, pouring ink into the hollow of the feather and then writing.
– In the middle of the nineteenth century, the first fountain pen appeared in America.
– Science develops, through many improvements, we have the pen as it is today.
b) Structure of a fountain pen
The fountain pen consists of 3 parts: pen case, pen cartridge and pen nib:
– Pen case: Pen cap and pen body. (Used to protect the pen nib and pen). Sometimes the pen shell is made of aluminum, copper-clad aluminum, plastic. There are even some pens that are made of gold.
– Inner pen: Small, thin, soft plastic tube used to hold ink.
– Pen nib: Made of metal. When writing, the ink from the inside of the pen follows the pipe and flows down to the nib.
c) Uses of fountain pens
– The fountain pen is an indispensable tool for those who go to school: Students, students, trainees.
The pen is an indispensable tool for office workers.
– The pen is the main tool for composing poetry, writing history, etc. when there is no computer.
The pen is also a weapon to fight against enemies inside and outside. Poet Nguyen Dinh Chieu wrote:
How many ships do you carry?
These guys crashed pen space such evil.
– Fountain pen is used to practice writing beautiful letters.
3. Conclusion:
Although there are many different types of pens, fountain pens are still loved and used by many people.
The fountain pen will forever be an indispensable tool in our lives.
Outline of an explanatory essay about pencils (lesson 2)
I. Introduction: Give an overview and introduction to the pencil.
In our childhood, we were all attached to the pencil, this is a learning tool often used to draw or write on paper.
II. Post body:
1. The Birth of the Pencil
– Since ancient times, people have known to use metal rods to write on paper.
Graphite has been used since 1564 in England.
The first pencil was born in Germany in 1662.
2. Pencil Structure
Pencils are made up of two parts: the body and the lead.
– The body of the pen is usually made of wood
– The body of the pen has many decorative patterns on the outside.
– Lead core: from graphite mixed with clay with additives.
3. How to make a pencil
– Choose wood from trees such as cedar, pine. After cutting the wood to its own size, it will be fired at high temperature to make the pen body strong.
– Lead core is made from graphite + clay + additive and is baked at 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius, adding oil will produce lead inside.
4. Types of pencils
– Based on use
+ Writing pencils
+ Student crayons
+ Makeup pencils…
– Based on hardness
+ Soft pencil
+ Hard pencil.
5. Pencil Care
– Pencils can be broken after use.
– When used, do not press hard, it will break the pen nib.
III. End:
Pencil is an important, close and useful learning tool for students.
This is an important human invention.
Outline of an explanatory essay about pencils (lesson 1)
I. INTRODUCTION:
Introduce the learning tool you want to explain (pencil)
II. BODY OF SUBJECT:
1. General overview of pencils:
Pencils were first produced in Germany in 1662.
– Currently, pencils become popular learning tools.
2. Pencil construction:
– Pen core: made of graphite
– Pen case: made of wood, laminated paper or plastic.
3. Features:
– For dark gray ink strokes (charcoal color) when writing on a white background.
– There are many sizes of nibs: 2b, 3b,… or nib.
– Wide and narrow strokes depending on the size of the nib.
– The pen case can have many different colors or print patterns and letters.
– Various sizes, lightweight, durable.
– Low price.
4. Classification:
– Traditional pencil: common type, with wooden case or pressed paper, non-replaceable nib.
– Push-button pencil: type with plastic cover, with push switch, replaceable small nib.
5. Pencil use:
– Used for young children starting to practice writing.
– Take extra notes for textbooks, workbooks, drafts.
– Used in exams, blacked out answers.
– Use sketches, drawings, blueprints.
6. Pencil Meaning:
– It is an important and indispensable learning tool.
– Sticking with students from a very early age.
– It is a familiar, convenient tool with a very reasonable price.
III. END:
Personal thoughts and judgments about the subject of the commentary – the pencil (useful, important, necessary,…).
Outline the explanatory essay about ballpoint pens (post 2)
I. Introduction:
An overview of the ballpoint pen, the role of the ballpoint pen in student learning and work.
History of the origin and origin of the ballpoint pen.
– From thousands of years ago, early humans knew how to make notes on rocks, soil, and bamboo in order to store long-term information.
– Ballpoint pen was invented by Mr. Lazo Biro in 1930, he was a journalist who later researched and discovered paper printing ink has a quick drying time and created a pen using that ink.
II. Body
1. Structure of ballpoint pen
Ballpoint pens have many types, but in general, a ballpoint pen is made up of 2 main structures:
– Pen case: usually plastic with a round cylinder about 15 cm in length. On the body of the pen case, there is usually manufacturer information, parameters about the production date.
– Inner pen: usually made of flexible plastic material, the pen contains ink.
– Other parts: springs, marbles, pen belt shells… even though they are just extra parts, they are very important to students.
2. Some types of ballpoint pens
– Ballpoint pens have a variety of colors and designs. This helps satisfy user needs in learning.
– Some famous brands of ballpoint pen such as: Hong Ha, Thien Long, Ben Nghe ….
3. Working principle
In each ballpoint pen there is a small ball, when the ball rolls around, the ink from the intestine will flow evenly down the ball, forming ink.
4. How to care for a ballpoint pen?
Whether the ballpoint pen lasts or not depends on the usage habits. If not in use, remember to store it in the pen box, do not let it fall to the ground, which is easy to damage.
– Avoid strong impact causing the outer shell to crack.
5. The role of a ballpoint pen
– Ballpoint pen helps to record information quickly, easy to carry thanks to its compact size.
– Ballpoint pen is a close friend in every class of students and students.
– The ballpoint pen is close to the office staff who often take notes and sign papers.
III. End:
– Restate the role and importance of the ballpoint pen.
– Feelings about the ballpoint pen with students.
Outline of explanatory essay for grade 9 Literature textbook
I. INTRODUCTION:
– Depending on how to open the lesson directly or indirectly, but it is necessary to introduce the requirements of the topic: Notes on the textbook of Grade 9 Literature.
II. BODY OF SUBJECT:
1. Origin of the book
– Literature textbooks are allowed to be published by the Ministry of Education of the country
– The book was compiled by many famous professors such as: Nguyen Khac Phi, Tran Dinh Su, Nguyen Van Long, Nguyen Minh Thuyet…
2. The shape and content of the book
– Book cover: Designed to be simple and easy to see.
+ In the upper left corner is the words “Ministry of Education and Training” in all capital letters. Right below is the line “Ngu Van Van” presented in large and clear with beautiful font. In the right corner under the words “Ngu Van Van” is the title of the book.
+ Textbook of Literature has 2 volumes, volume one and volume two divided into learning content for semester I and semester II of students. Below is a picture of a Gac tree branch with drooping yellow flowers, a ripe red Gac fruit on the cover of volume 1 and a pomegranate branch with large, eye-catching yellow pomegranates on the cover of volume 2. The image is simple but full of meaning. Meaning, it’s like an encouragement for each student to study hard to get ripe fruit soon.
– The first page of the book records the same information as the article, but with more details about the names of the people who compiled the book. The next page is the preface to the book’s editor. Those are the first introductions about the book as well as wishing the students a good study, fueling the fire of enthusiasm for each generation.
The last pages of the book are the table of contents. Here, the lesson names are systematized into a table consisting of columns: ordinal number, lesson name, page number. This makes it easier for students to know what knowledge they will approach in the near future, as well as to find the location of the lesson more easily.
– Each lesson is divided into a text, a Vietnamese lesson, a writing lesson, and a practice lesson. Right before the start of the lesson, there is always a blank box with the content of what needs to be achieved after each of these lessons. The lessons are presented very clearly, logically and logically, starting from the basics, so they are suitable for all students in the process of acquisition.
– The texts are arranged to learn in chronological order, starting from domestic literature to world literature in order to help students have a comprehensive knowledge of their own and foreign literature.
3. The meaning of the book
– The Literature textbook helps each student to have a solid and basic knowledge base, to supplement their understanding, as a premise along with other subjects to help students gain confidence when studying further and stepping out. in later life.
– Literature textbooks also help students improve a lot of things related to arguing, persuading others… As we know, speaking and exchanging is essential in daily work as well as in life. , so it is necessary to prepare and foster from the time you are a student.
4. How to preserve books
– Textbooks are both friends and teachers of each student, so it is necessary to cherish and cherish the book.
– You can cover the book with glass paper to avoid making the book dirty or smeared.
– Need to write the name, label the notebook to avoid losing the book.
III. END
– State your feelings for the book, give your thoughts on the value of the book.
Outline the explanatory essay about the book bag (lesson 2)
I. INTRODUCTION
Lead and introduce to the subject that the topic requires: The briefcase.
For example:
Opening Lesson 1: Hello everyone. You must be very curious about who I am, right? Let me suggest you. I am a friend who goes through school days, helping you carry the necessary items. That’s right, I’m the bag. Today, let me introduce myself so that we can get to know each other better.
Opening lesson 2: During the days of going to school, I had books to be friends with, and dear things to stick with. Besides, there is a close friend who helps me carry books every day, that is the book bag.
II. SUBJECTS
1. Origin, origin
– If I say exactly when the briefcase comes from, it has been around for a long time, a long time ago. But at that time, people made a very simple bag, just a large cloth, put the book inside and tied the two ends opposite each other and then put it on one shoulder. Or later, the schoolbag is a vertical rectangular box, made of wood and bamboo… The old-timers used to use special bags like that.
– If it comes to briefcases with the closest shape compared to today’s briefcases, it was in 1988. The first classic style briefcase was born at this time in the United States. Since then, this type of pair has been produced in large quantities, widely used in the US and then spread to the whole world.
2. Characteristics
– Shape: The types of pairs we currently use are usually rectangular, isosceles trapezoidal or a half circle combined with a rectangle and square. → It can be said that nowadays the shape of the bag is quite diverse, allowing readers to freely choose.
– Size: Depending on the user’s wishes, there are also many different sizes to suit.
– Color: Usually black for middle school students to pour over. For primary school students’ pairs, there will be more diverse colors.
– Material: Mainly made of nylon or cotton fabric, so it is very durable. There are several types of briefcases made from animal skins, soft fabrics or flexible polymers… to meet the requirements of consumers.
3. Structure
– Briefcase frame: Most of today, all types of briefcases have fixed frames, except for backpacks. Often the pair frame is the element that forms the shape of the pair. If the frame is rectangular, the pair will have a rectangle, if the frame is trapezoid, the pair will have a trapezoidal frame…
– Briefcase straps: There are 2 types, including briefcase straps for carrying and straps for wearing. The strap to wear is usually quite long, thick and has cotton inside so that it doesn’t hurt when worn on the shoulder, at the back of the bag. The two straps will be symmetrical on either side. In addition, we can also adjust the length of the strap to fit the person. The strap for carrying is usually just above the bag, covered with soft leather. Currently, backpacks all have 2 types of straps for users to flexibly use.
– Pair buckle: Usually made of plastic, metal and on the outside of the briefcase. Some pairs, such as document folders, will be numeric keys for security.
– Front, back: Depending on the type of pair, the front and back will have different colors and images. Primary school students’ school bags are usually light in color, the front will have cute and funny pictures, the boys are superheroes, the girls are princesses, etc. The other pairs will have the manufacturer’s logo on the front and the back side. usually nothing…
– Compartment: Usually there will be from 2 to 6 different large and small compartments depending on the type of briefcase. There will always be a largest compartment for books, in addition there are smaller compartments for pens or calendars, peace charms, pen slots… The briefcase compartments are closed by zipper or key.
4. Classification
– Grade 1 schoolbag: This is a rectangular bag, with many different colors, decorated lovely and funny. This type of bag often has straps on both shoulders to help students wear it so they don’t have to carry it heavy. Some pairs also design extra handles with wheels, looking extremely trendy.
– Level 2, level 3 schoolbags: This type of briefcase is mainly designed in black color, with a handle and a crossbody strap. The bag has many compartments to be able to store many things so that it is neat and tidy.
– Backpack: This type of briefcase has no frame, most of it is made of soft fabric, has only one large compartment for books and a small compartment for other items. In addition to being used to store books, it can also store clothes and many other things.
– Briefcase: This type of briefcase is often used for adults, to hold documents, especially people who work in offices and offices. This type of briefcase is compact, easy to carry, and has a security digital padlock, so it is preferred.
5. Uses
– First of all, this is a tool for us to store books, pens, school supplies and many other things when we go to school. Thanks to that, we can carry many things easily. Many types of bags today have a water-resistant effect to help us go to the rain without worrying about getting the book inside.
– Not only that, the briefcase also contributes to the beauty of the user thanks to its codes and ways of wearing. Primary school students add a cute dash when wearing colorful backpacks and fun pictures. College students look energetic, youthful and knowledgeable when wearing dark backpacks…
6. Usage and protection
– How to use: How to use is extremely simple, just wear the shoulder strap. Or we can change it to holding a briefcase thanks to the upper strap to reduce shoulder fatigue. Experts say that we should not wear a bag that weighs more than 15% of the body’s weight, and at the same time, heavy items should be placed deep inside, the part closest to the back. Utensils and books should be neatly arranged…
– How to maintain: Regularly clean the briefcase, do not throw the bag or break it out of curiosity and mischief…
III. END
– State your feelings and thoughts about the book bag.
For example: The school bag – a dear friend who has accompanied us throughout the years of going to school, helping us carry a bag of knowledge books every day. Each person should protect and take good care of the bag so that it lasts a long time.
Outline the explanatory essay about ballpoint pens (post 1)
I. Introduction: A general introduction to the importance of ballpoint pens.
“Handwriting is human character”. Indeed, the short idiom has gone deep into the subconscious of every Vietnamese, reminding us of learning as well as the importance of handwriting. Because learning is a difficult process to build up talented people to serve the country more and more beautiful. And in that arduous process, a big contribution is the ballpoint pen.
II. Post body:
1. Origin, origin:
Invented by Hungarian journalist Lazo Biro in the 1930s decided and researched. He discovered that paper ink dries very quickly to create a pen that uses such ink
2. Structure: 2 main parts:
– Pen case: The round cylinder is 14-15 cm long, made of flexible plastic or colored plastic, on the body, there are usually parameters with the date and place of manufacture.
– Inner pen: Inside, made of flexible plastic, contains solid ink or water ink.
– Parts included: Springs, buttons, lids, on the outside of the case there is a belt to attach to the pocket, notebook.
3. Classification:
– Designs and colors vary according to the age and tastes of consumers.
– Beautiful colors, many designs (with the use of anthropomorphic art in the article)
Currently, there are many famous brands of pens on the market.
4. Principle of operation and preservation (with the use of artistic methods of comparison and personification in the article)
– Principle of operation: The tip of the pen contains a small ball, when writing, it rolls out of ink to create letters.
– Care: Be careful.
5. Advantages and disadvantages:
– Advantages:
+ Durable, beautiful, compact, easy to transport.
+ Low cost, suitable for students.
– Weakness:
+ Because the writing is fast, it is easy to draw ink and the words are not beautiful. But if you are careful, it will create ravishing beautiful handwriting.
– Movement: “Donate Thien Long pens, go to school with friends” sparks creativity.
6. Meaning:
– Increasingly asserting his position.
– The beautiful pens in the pen box show the aesthetic of each person
– Used to write, to draw.
– The brothers and sisters express the mood.
As a companion to express the dreams, ambitions… of people.
“Tell me your handwriting, I’ll know who you are.”
III. End: Conclude and emphasize the importance of the ballpoint pen in life.
The meaning of using artistic elements in the persuasive text: To make the essay more vivid and attractive, contributing to highlighting the characteristics of the subject to be narrated and stimulating the reader’s interest.
Outline of explanatory essay for grade 8 Literature textbook
I. Introduction:
Explanation of the subject of the commentary (8th grade grammar textbook, volume 1)
II. Post body:
1. The origin of grade 8 philology textbooks: educational publishers are compiled by leading doctors and professors in the department of philology.
2. Introduction to form.
– The book has an outer cover of shrimp heart color (pink), on the book there is a capital letter “MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING”. Next is the word “Literature” written in large soft blue capital letters. Below those two letters is a yellow number 8 highlighting the cover. On the cover is decorated with a cluster of yellow flowers with leaves… under the cover is the logo of the Ministry of Education. – The back page of the book is the cover, the left cover is the Ho Chi Minh Medal -> the pride of the nation, the right corner of the logo of the Ministry of Education is red.
+Next is the introduction of all 8th grade textbooks written in the green Ho Chi Minh frame, the bottom is a stamp with the price.
3. General introduction to the content.
Literature textbook includes 17 lessons, each lesson includes 3 subjects: text, Vietnamese, practice writing.
+ Text section
– About form: Provide in advance the data of the text of stories and poems. After the text is a comment about the author, the work, the difficult to understand words, the text’s questions, if you want to study well, the students must prepare the lesson, answer the questions at home, come to remember to finalize knowledge -> practice.
– About the content: Provide knowledge about Vietnamese and foreign literature. Let us understand about the critical realism work and selected typical author works: “I go to school” by Thanh Tinh, Nguyen Hong with “In the mother’s womb”, Ngo Tat To with the work “turning off the lights” in the excerpt “meaning water breaks the bank”
Students not only know the famous literature in the country but also know foreign literature such as literature in the United States, Spain, Denmark…
There are also some works such as poetry
+ Vietnamese part:
– In terms of form: providing knowledge by interpreting, providing data, commenting and closing knowledge with a memo frame, to practice applying the lesson with practice.
– Content: Provides understanding of sentence types, word types and punctuation.
+ Writing exercises:
The same structure as the Vietnamese part.
Content: provides knowledge about narrative writing and a new type of writing is narrative text -> helps students write good writing.
4. Usage preservation.
-Protect the book
– Protect the book, do not wet the book.
III. End: Affirm the role of books.
Outline of an explanatory essay for a book bag (lesson 1)
I. INTRODUCTION:
– Introducing the schoolbag as a long-term companion for students during the time they go to school.
II. BODY OF SUBJECT:
1. Origin, origin:
Origin: In 1988, the United States first produced a classic-style schoolbag.
– Since 1988, briefcases have been widely used in many places in the US and then spread around the world.
2. Structure:
The briefcase has a very simple structure.
+ Outside: Only briefcase, handle, open lid, some pairs have straps,.
+ Inside: There are many compartments to store books, pens, some pairs also have compartments for raincoats or water bottles,.
3. The briefcase making process:
– There are many different types of briefcases such as briefcases, leather briefcases, backpacks. With many famous brands such as: Taiwan, Japan, Korea: Tian Ling, Ling Hao, with distinct design styles. However, the way they do it is somewhat similar.
+ Material selection: Felt fabric, canvas, crocodile skin, leather fabric,.
+ Handling: Recycle the material for long-term use, reduce the smell but still retain the characteristics of that material.
+ Sewing: Usually, factories use sewing machines to sew each part of the briefcase together according to the design.
+ Pairing: Joining the sewn parts into a complete briefcase and then hitting the market with different prices.
4. Usage:
– Depending on each object, people have different ways of using pairs:
+ Female students: Use the hand to carry the bag or hug the bag.
=> Expressing tenderness, meekness, femininity.
+ Male students: Cross to one side
=> Show mettle, bravado, masculinity.
Male University Student
Wearing a pair on one side shows confidence and dynamism
+ Primary school students: Wear on the back to easily run and play with friends.
=> Shows the childishness and innocence of primary school age.
Entrepreneurs: Use expensive, genuine briefcases, usually on hand.
=> Show that they are really successful entrepreneurs and have a lot of success as well as their help for the country.
– In general, when carrying a briefcase, it should be noted that you should not carry a bag that is too heavy, and often change your carrying handle and shoulder.
5. How to preserve:
– Our students often, when coming home from school, unscrupulously throw their bags on top of their bags, causing them to be easily torn or damaged. The bag should be stored using the following methods to keep it durable and long-lasting:
+ Regularly clean or wash the briefcase to keep the pair new.
+ Do not toss the bag or forcefully to avoid tearing the bag or damaging it.
+ About 1-2 times per year, renew the pair with colorless shoe polish.
+ To repair a torn bag, do not take it to a shoe repair or dry cleaning shop as there is a risk of damage due to using the wrong tool. Take it to a professional briefcase repairman.
+ Never store a leather briefcase in a plastic bag, it can dry out the bag or stick the plastic to the skin.
Regularly stuff scraps of paper or old t-shirts into your briefcase to keep them in shape.
Place the briefcase in a store felt bag or pillowcase to maintain its balance.
6. Uses:
– A briefcase is an object for us to hold books and pens when we go to school.
– The briefcase is also an object to cover the sun and rain for books. Some of you also use briefcases to protect yourself from the rain.
– The pair is also an object that has left countless happy and sad memories, and also paints the beauty of student age – the most beautiful age in each of us’s lives.
III. END:
Along with other convenient items, the school bag has become a loyal friend and always accompanies each person, especially for students – the future owners of Vietnam.