Hepatobiliary disease
Obesity is the leading cause of liver-related diseases. It is the increase in cholesterol levels in the blood that makes obese people more susceptible to liver diseases such as fatty liver disease, hepatitis, common bile duct stones or gallstones. In addition, obesity also increases levels of triglycerides and harmful cholesterol, reduces good cholesterol, leading to dyslipidemia in the blood, which adversely affects health. Obesity is the most obvious risk factor, Up to 70% of people who are obese have fatty liver, while only 10-15% of people of normal weight have fatty liver. In addition, regardless of weight, a person who is overweight, has too much belly fat, the possibility of fatty liver is quite high.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is also the most common form of liver disease in children. A study published in 2016 said it affects 10 to 20 percent of pediatric patients and 50 to 80 percent of children who are obese. Approximately 25% of pediatric patients with fatty liver will develop cirrhosis within 10 years, with those with obesity having a higher risk. Many scientists predict:Within the next 10 years, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease will become the leading cause of liver disease, cirrhosis and indication for liver transplantation in developed countries.

Risk of cancer
Obesity not only increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, blood pressure, diabetes, but according to the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR), Obesity can increase the incidence of cancers in areas such as the pharynx, pancreas, colorectal, endometrium, postmenopausal breast, kidney.… Besides, obesity also increases the risk of malignant blood cancer. Research experts around the world also show that, when the average BMI increases by 1kg/m2, there will be an increase of 3790 cases of cancer per year. Therefore, obesity is the culprit that increases the risk of cancer such as colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer in men; breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer in women.
Studies also show, Cancer is related to the body’s immunity. When the immune function is weakened, the body is susceptible to attack by cancer cells. In a healthy body, as long as a cancer cell appears, the cell membrane immediately produces a special antigen, and the immune cells in the body will kill the cells with this cancer antigen. When the immune function of cells decreases, the body’s ability to protect itself is weak, cancer cells will multiply.

Impact on daily life and work
Obesity makes the body oversized, the large appearance will adversely affect daily activities as well as work. Being obese makes us less flexible in movement, slow moving, making things difficult and less active. In addition, the arrangement for obese people, means of transportation, sleeping place or working place… are also more troublesome and difficult than usual.
Obese people often have difficulty breathing, they climb the stairs very hard, sometimes the seemingly normal walk also becomes difficult. Too much weight puts too much pressure on their own bodies. They may face many obstacles when using public toilets or public transport… Not to mention that obese people often sweat more than normal people, so they have to pay attention. Pay more attention to personal hygiene.
The resort Choosing clothes is not easy for obese people. Standard measurements do not suit them, so they are forced to tailor or go to specialized stores, and of course at higher prices. But even there it is not easy to find what they need, the choice is still limited because the variety of goods is not as rich as other mass goods, sometimes they are forced to accept the things they need. It doesn’t quite fit my body, let alone my preferences. Not to mention that not all colors or color schemes and materials are suitable for the face and body of obese people.

The risk of infertility
Unscientific diet along with irregular living and working habits leads to an increase in the number of obese people faster and faster. According to research by many scientists outside of age, psychophysiology… then Obesity is an important factor contributing to the increase in male and female infertility. Scientists in India conducted a study in about 300 obese women, and the results showed that 90% of them had polycystic ovarian disease – a disease that easily leads to infertility. Another American study explained that obesity causes infertility due to changes in the hormones produced by adipose tissue. Then there are many women who are pregnant again after losing weight.
For men, excess body fat will increase the activity of the aromatase enzyme and the concentration of estradiol – a sex hormone inhibitor of the pituitary gland in men. Obese men will reduce sperm count and increase erectile dysfunction affecting fertility. Long-term obesity that is not promptly corrected can lead to men’s decreased sex drive, slow sperm movement, inability to ejaculate or retrograde ejaculation leading to infertility. Obese women will reduce the function of the ovaries leading to early menopause, menstrual disorders, no desire, reduced fertility… leading to infertility. In addition, when fat accumulates in the ovaries, it means a higher miscarriage rate.

Affects aesthetics
Aesthetic influence is the first harmful effect of obesity that people have to face. When being obese, the typical outward manifestations are usually an excess of fat that makes the body bulky, large but untidy, unhealthy body and lack of flexibility. When weight gain is out of control, your body will become bulky and ugly. In addition, obesity is also the cause of cracked, flabby, sagging skin. This makes many people feel self-deprecating, losing the opportunity to express themselves in life.
Obese people are often overweight so it is easy to attract attention, peering eyes, curiosity and even ridicule from those around them, making them self-deprecating, closed and sometimes afraid of social contact. Obese women have a clumsy and slim body. Men are large, but very weak.

Endocrine disease
Endocrine diseases such as diabetes, hypothyroidism or adrenal insufficiency is the harm that obesity causes because in the body of obese people there is a very high concentration of saturated fat, high cholesterol in the blood causes the blood vessels to rise. Blood to the organs is blocked, excess fat will accumulate in the endocrine glands and lead to the above diseases. Overweight, obesity and endocrine diseases contribute to higher mortality rates.
People with obesity are susceptible to metabolic syndrome (central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension). When physical labor decreases, excess fat and excess energy increase, obesity and type 2 diabetes also increase. In fact, a lot of scientific evidence proves that weight loss improves insulin sensitivity and vice versa.
There have been many experimental studies showing that Complications of obesity As diabetes is the result of abnormal metabolism, is an excess of free fatty acids, triglycerides in cells other than fat cells. Studies have also demonstrated that the beta cells of the pancreatic islets, when too much fat accumulates, become lipotoxic. It is lipid toxicity that causes cell death and causes the preclinical phase of people with type 2 diabetes.

Effects on the musculoskeletal system
People who are overweight or obese have a higher risk of osteoarthritis than the general population Because the skeleton is responsible for supporting and protecting the organs in the body. The bearing capacity of the musculoskeletal system is sufficient for people of normal weight. Therefore, when you are overweight, your body weight increases and becomes heavier, which will put more pressure on joints and ligaments. Usually, a lot of body weight will put an impact on joints such as the hip, knee and spine.
The increase in body weight will cause the bone and joint system to wear down, destroy easily leading to osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis. This causes pain and affects joint function. Therefore, people who are obese will be more prone to muscle weakness, faster joint degeneration, osteoporosis or fractures more easily than people of normal weight.
Obesity affects breathing and bones. Obese patients often find it difficult to breathe while sleeping, breathing is limited due to fat accumulation, making it difficult for the chest to move during respiration. The spine is considered the pillar that supports the entire body, the higher the body weight, the greater the pressure exerted on the spine, the larger the discs. Therefore, when suffering from obesity for a long time, it can greatly affect the spine, causing degeneration of the spine and discs. Even the risk of fracture can occur at any time if the musculoskeletal system is not strong enough to do its job properly.

Sexual activity
Experts in the UK conducted a study in 100 couples with an obese husband or wife, and the results were amazing, 95% of which confirmed that The overweight and oversized body of your partner has greatly affected sexual activities daily. When one of them is obese, there are many related problems such as sexual position, sex drive and physical health of both are affected. All of the above proves that obesity has a significant effect on sexual performance in couples.
According to statistics, there are 35%-75% of obese men have erectile dysfunction. Some other studies have shown an association between obesity and a number of cancer diseases such as breast cancer, uterine cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer… And so, obesity It is the cause of difficulties or incompatibility in the marital relationship.

Heart-related diseaes
Obesity increases the risk of coronary heart disease Because fat and cholesterol narrow the coronary arteries, impede blood flow to the heart, causing myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, which is very dangerous. Heart failure is an almost inevitable consequence of cardiovascular diseases and has a very high mortality rate. Obesity also disrupts blood lipids, increases triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels, and lowers HDL-cholesterol levels in the blood. It is a great risk to cause narrowing of blood vessels, which is the cause of myocardial infarction, cerebral embolism, visceral vessels, limb vessels …
Special, The risk of stroke in obese people is many times higher than in the general population. People with BMI greater than 30 are more likely to die from cerebrovascular disease and atherosclerosis. People with low-grade obesity must also be careful that if other risk factors are present (type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia), the risk of stroke may still occur.
Many studies have shown that the risk of heart failure is aggravated by 5% in men and 7% in women if BMI increases by 1kg/m2. Therefore Cardiovascular disease is more likely to occur in people who are obese and overweight. Obesity is the main cause that increases the risk of diseases in the cardiovascular system such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction or cerebrovascular accident …

Mental illness
When they are obese, they often have low self-esteem, shame and fear Before the teasing, ridicule, laughter, bullying or discrimination of those around them, they are very susceptible to facing mental illnesses such as stress, autism, depression, psychosis, even depression. may even attempt to commit suicide. A study in the US has shown that up to 40% of children who go to therapy to lose weight say they are regularly bullied or teased by other family members, up to 72% of women suffer from it. obese respondents that they were ridiculed by at least one family member.
It is very clear that obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, all of which increase the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. In addition, studies have shown that overweight people have brain loss in the basal ganglia, the ray arc, and the parietal lobe. The researchers said that the negative correlation between body fat tissue of obese people and brain structure was very clear in obese people but also found in overweight people. “The brains of obese people look 16 years older than the brains of thin people, and the brains of overweight people are eight years older,” says Dr. Thompson.
